BIRTHDAYS
1858 = Heinrich Zille = German illustrator and photographer
1883 = Francis X. Bushman = American actor, director, and screenwriter
1904 = Ray Bolger = American actor and dancer
1916 = Eldzier Cortor = American painter
1917 = Jerry Wexler = American journalist and producer
1919 = Milton Parker = American businessman and Carnegie Deli co-founder
1927 = Johnnie Ray = American singer-songwriter
1930 = Roy E. Disney = American businessman
1935 = Ronnie Hawkins = American rockabilly singer-songwriter
1935 = Sherrill Milnes = American opera singer and educator
1939 = Sal Mineo = American actor 🌈
1943 = Jim Croce = American singer-songwriter
1944 = Frank Sinatra = Jr. = American singer and actor
1944 = Jeffrey Catherine Jones = American comics and fantasy artist
1944 = William Sanderson = American actor
1945 = Rod Stewart = British singer-songwriter
1947 = James Morris = American opera singer
1948 = Donald Fagen = American singer-songwriter
1949 = George Foreman = American boxer, actor, and businessman
1949 = Linda Lovelace = American pornographic actress and activist
1953 = Pat Benatar = American singer-songwriter
1956 = Shawn Colvin = American singer-songwriter
1959 = Fran Walsh = New Zealand screenwriter and producer
1961 = Evan Handler = American actor
1964 = Brad Roberts = Canadian singer-songwriter
1974 = Jemaine Clement = New Zealand comedian, actor, and musician
EVENTS
49 BC = Julius Caesar defies the Roman Senate and crosses the Rubicon, uttering "alea iacta est" (the die is cast), signaling the start of civil war and his appointment as Roman dictator for life.
1776 = Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet Common Sense.
1812 = The first steamboat on the Ohio River or the Mississippi River arrives in New Orleans, 82 days after departing from Pittsburgh.
1863 = The Metropolitan Railway, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between Paddington and Farringdon, marking the beginning of the London Underground.
1870 = John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
1901 = The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
1927 = Fritz Lang's futuristic film Metropolis is released in Germany.
1929 = Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, the first volume of The Adventures of Tintin by the Belgian cartoonist Hergé, is released.
1946 = The United States Army Signal Corps successfully conducts Project Diana, bouncing radio waves off the Moon and receiving the reflected signals.
1978 = Thirty-five men in Bethesda, MD, who are married to women and have attractions to men, meet and create the Gay Married Men’s Association. Now named the Gay and Married Men’s Association, for over thirty years, GAMMA has been offering support to men who are or have been involved in long-term heterosexual relationships and who are now coming to terms with their sexual attraction to other men.
1980 = The New England Journal of Medicine publishes the letter Addiction Rare in Patients Treated with Narcotics, which is later misused to downplay the general risk of addiction to opioids.
1990 = Time Warner is formed by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications.